Amal Nanavati

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I'm a PhD Candidate at the University of Washington's School of Computer Science and Engineering, co-advised by Siddhartha Srinivasa and Maya Cakmak. My research interests lie in human-robot interaction and assistive robotics, and my research goal is to develop robots that work well with and around people. I’ve worked towards this goal across multiple applications, spanning from robot-assisted feeding for people with motor impairments to guide robots for people who are blind to drone delivery. This research has resulted in technical contributions including modeling human behavior, shared autonomy, and end-to-end system development. Before my PhD, I was a Fulbright Fellow at Kyoto University doing research with Takayuki Kanda, and received a B.S. in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University doing research with Aaron Steinfeld.

Robots Publications Teaching Press

Robots

9 years experience building end-to-end robot systems

Assistive Dextrous Arm (ADA)

2021 – Present

ADA is a wheelchair-attached robot arm that enables people with motor impairments to independently feed themselves. I worked closely with over a dozen end-users to identify their needs and priorities, learn robot-executable food acquisition actions, and develop and evaluate the end-to-end system. The system has fed end-users diverse meals of their choice—grilled salmon, pizza, salads—in diverse out-of-lab environments—a cafeteria, conference room, and office. I also led a 5-day deployment of the system in an end-user's home, where it fed him 10 meals across varied spatial, social, and activity contexts.

Stretch

Summer 2024

Stretch is a general purpose mobile manipulator for home environments. I developed autonomous features for Stretch's operator interface, on both the frontend and backend. One such feature was "click-to-pregrasp," where the operator clicks an object in the camera feed and Stretch aligns its gripper to manipulate that object. Other features included real-time robot-to-operator audio streaming and operator-to-robot text-to-speech. I also lowered the interface's latency, CPU usage, and memory usage, getting worst-case CPU usage from 904% down to 172%. See my blog post for more details.

Zipline Platform 2 Droid

Winter 2023

Zipline's Platform 2 Droid is a precision urban drone delivery system. I investigated user perceptions of droid motion during delivery, and worked with the motion planning and controls teams to integrate the insights into the autonomy stack. For that research, I added several features to a simulation environment to generate realistic delivery videos. I also prototyped and evaluated multiple ways for workers to scan packages before loading them into the droid.

(Robot) Shopkeeper

2018 – 2019

As sensors become more ubiquitous in the world, there is an opportunity for robots to leverage multi-modal data to learn socially appropriate ways to interact with people. In this work, I developed an end-to-end pipeline, using attention-based deep neural networks, that enables a robot to use sensors in a store to learn socially appropriate ways of interacting with multiple customers at once. This network outperformed the state-of-the-art by up to 30% in predicting socially appropriate responses.

Podi

2016-2018

Podi is a guide robot for people who are blind or low-vision. I studied user preferences for how the robot drops them off to their destination. For the robot to match those preferences, I developed a model of how users follow a guide robot and integrated the model into the robot's planning algorithm, enabling the robot to plan motions for the coupled human-robot system.

Publications

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2024

An Adaptable, Safe, and Portable Robot-Assisted Feeding System

E.K. Gordon*, R.K. Jenamani*, A. Nanavati*, Z. Liu, H. Bolotski, R. Karim, D. Stabile, A. Kashyap, B.H. Zhu, X. Dai, T. Schrenk, J. Ko, T.A.K. Faulkner, T. Bhattacharjee, S.S. Srinivasa

ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, Demo Submission. 2024.

[pdf] [video]

Best Demo Award 🥇

Robot System Development Physically Assistive Robots Shared Autonomy

Achieving Deployable Autonomy through Customizability and Human-in-the-Loop: A Case Study in Robot-assisted Feeding

A. Nanavati

HRI Pioneers Workshop. 2024.

[pdf] [video] [poster]

Robot System Development Physically Assistive Robots Shared Autonomy

Physically Assistive Robots: A Systematic Review of Mobile and Manipulator Robots That Physically Assist People with Disabilities

A. Nanavati*, V. Ranganeni*, M. Cakmak

Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems. 2024.

[pdf]

Physically Assistive Robots

To Ask or Not To Ask: Human-in-the-loop Contextual Bandits with Applications in Robot-Assisted Feeding

R. Banerjee, R.K. Jenamani*, S. Vasudev*, A. Nanavati, S. Dean, T. Bhattacharjee

Preprint. 2024.

[pdf]

Human Behavior Modeling Shared Autonomy Physically Assistive Robots

Multiple Ways of Working with Users to Develop Physically Assistive Robots

A. Nanavati*, M. Pascher*, V. Ranganeni, E.K. Gordon, T.A.K. Faulkner, S.S. Srinivasa, M. Cakmak, P. Alves-Oliveira, J. Gerken

HRI Workshop on Assistive Applications, Accessibility, and Disability Ethics (A3DE). 2024.

[pdf] [poster]

Physically Assistive Robots

2023

Design Principles for Robot-Assisted Feeding in Social Contexts

A. Nanavati*, P. Alves-Oliveira*, T. Schrenk, E.K. Gordon, M. Cakmak, S.S. Srinivasa

ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. 2023.

[pdf] [video]

Best Design Paper Award 🥇

Physically Assistive Robots

Towards General Single-Utensil Food Acquisition with Human-Informed Actions

E.K. Gordon*, A. Nanavati*, R. Challa, B.H. Zhu, T.A.K. Faulkner, S.S. Srinivasa

Conference on Robot Learning. 2023.

[pdf] [video] [poster]

Physically Assistive Robots Human Behavior Modeling

Achieving Deployable Autonomy in Robot-assisted Feeding for People with Motor Impairments

A. Nanavati

PhD Thesis Proposal. 2023.

[pdf] [video] [slides]

Robot System Development Physically Assistive Robots Shared Autonomy

Unintended Failures of Robot-Assisted Feeding in Social Contexts

A. Nanavati, P. Alves-Oliveira, T. Schrenk, E.K. Gordon, M. Cakmak, S.S. Srinivasa

ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, Video Submission. 2023.

[pdf] [video]

Physically Assistive Robots

Investigating the Levels of Autonomy for Personalization in Assistive Robotics

R. Karim, A. Nanavati, T.A.K. Faulkner, S.S. Srinivasa

HRI Workshop on Lifelong Learning and Personalization in Long-Term Human-Robot Interaction (LEAP-HRI). 2023.

[pdf]

Shared Autonomy Physically Assistive Robots

2022

Not All Who Wander Are Lost: A Localization-Free System for In-the-Wild Mobile Robot Deployments

A. Nanavati*, N. Walker*, L. Taber, C. Mavrogiannis, L. Takayama, M. Cakmak, S.S. Srinivasa

ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). 2022.

[pdf] [video]

Shared Autonomy Robot System Development

Learning backchanneling behaviors for a social robot via data augmentation from human-human conversations

M. Murray*, N. Walker*, A. Nanavati, P. Alves-Oliveira, N. Filippov, A. Sauppe, B. Mutlu, M. Cakmak

Conference on Robot Learning. 2022.

[pdf]

Human Behavior Modeling

2021

Modeling Human Helpfulness with Individual and Contextual Factors for Robot Planning

A. Nanavati, C. Mavrogiannis, K. Weatherwax, L. Takayama, M. Cakmak, S.S. Srinivasa

Robotics: Science and Systems. 2021.

[pdf] [video] [poster]

Human Behavior Modeling Shared Autonomy

2020

Autonomously Learning One-To-Many Social Interaction Logic from Human-Human Interaction Data

A. Nanavati, M. Doering, D. Brščić, T. Kanda

ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. 2020.

[pdf] [video]

Human Behavior Modeling

Pythons and Martians and Finches, Oh My! Lessons Learned from a Mandatory 8th Grade Python Class

A. Nanavati, A. Owens, M. Stehlik

ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education. 2020.

[pdf] [video]

Educational Technology

2019

Follow The Robot: Modeling Coupled Human-Robot Dyads During Navigation

A. Nanavati, X.Z. Tan, J. Connolly, A. Steinfeld

IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). 2019.

[pdf]

Human Behavior Modeling Physically Assistive Robots

2018

Speak Up: A Multi-Year Deployment of Games to Motivate Speech Therapy in India

A. Nanavati, M.B. Dias, A. Steinfeld

CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 2018.

[pdf] [video] [poster]

Educational Technology Robot System Development

Coupled Indoor Navigation for People Who Are Blind

A. Nanavati, X.Z. Tan, A. Steinfeld

ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, Late-Breaking Report. 2018.

[pdf] [poster]

Human Behavior Modeling Physically Assistive Robots

2016

iSTEP 2015: Cross-Cultural Technology Development Toward Language Access for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing

M. Lassiter, A. Nanavati, E. Pintar, M. Xie, E.A. Teves, M.B. Dias

Technical Report Carnegie Mellon University. 2016.

[pdf]

Educational Technology

Teaching

CSE/STAT 416 Intro to Machine Learning

Summer 2022

I was the instructor for CSE/STAT 416 Introduction to Machine Learning (ML), where I taught 80+ undergraduate and graduate students deep learning, regression, matrix factorization, and social considerations in ML. I managed a team of 5 TAs to prepare and teach sections, respond to student questions, and grade. Instructor evaluation: 4.7/5.0.

US – Japan Cultural Exchange

2018 – 2019

I was a guest lectureer in Japanese and American classrooms, teaching K-8 students about the others' culture. My lectures in Japanese classrooms focused on the American multiculturalism, landmarks, games, and songs. My lectures in American classrooms focused on Japanese temples, public transportation, history, and culture.

Teknowledge

2016 – 2018

I co-founded and ran Teknowledge, a computer science (CS) outreach organization. We taught afterschool CS at under-resourced public schools and community centers. I developed Intro Python (6th – 11th grade) and Inquiry-based Machine Learning (10th – 11th grade) curricula, and advised teachers and administrators as they converted our curriculum into a mandatory 8th grade CS course. I managed communications, logistics, and training for 25 mentors, 130+ students, and 7 community partners. I also participated in an initial investigation of integrating K-12 computational thinking curricula into rural KY schools, an initiative that has since flourished.

Press

Date Venue Title
Nov 17, 2023 IEEE Spectrum Video Friday > Your weekly selection of awesome robot videos
Nov 16, 2023 University of Washington News Q&A: How an assistive-feeding robot went from picking up fruit salads to whole meals
Nov 15, 2023 GeekWire UW computer science research event offers a glimpse of the future at the dawn of AI
June 1, 2023 UW CREATE User-informed, robot-assisted social dining for people with motor impairments
May 18, 2023 Allen School News Setting the table for a brighter future: With help from robots, Allen School researchers are making social dining more accessible
Nov 10, 2022 Jaime Richards From your pupils you'll be taught - bite timing
July 14, 2022 IEEE Spectrum Wandering Robots in the Wild
Apr 30, 2021 Allen School News Allen School students recognized for excellence in research by the National Science Foundation
2020 The Link Forging Change: Three SCS Alumni Take Action Against Racial Inequality in Their Communities
2020 Fulbright Program Posse Foundation and Reach the World: Fulbrighters Advancing Opportunity
Aug 22, 2018 IEEE Sight Blog RAS SIGHT Project, Speak Up!” Wins Two Prizes
May 17, 2018 Carnegie Mellon University News Nanavati Wins Inaugural K&L Gates Prize
May 14, 2018 Computer Science Department News Amal Nanavati Wins Fulbright Award, Inaugural K&L Gates Prize
May 14, 2018 Dietrich College News Two Dietrich College Students Receive Fulbright Awards
Apr 26, 2017 The Almanac CMU students, Google help South Fayette improve tech curriculum